วันเสาร์ที่ 29 มีนาคม พ.ศ. 2557

List of Abbreviations

1993 SNA                 System of National Accounts, 1993
ABSs                          asset-backed securitizations
ADB                           Asian Development Bank
ADSLs                       Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line systems
AITIC                        AITIC is an independent organization, based in Geneva, whose goal is to help less-advantaged countries (LACs)
AMCs                        Asset Management Companies
ASEAN                      Association of Southeast Asian Nations
BATNA                     Best Alternative to an Agreement
BOC                           Bank of China
BD3                           3rd edition of the OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment
BOP                           Balance of Payments
BPM5                        5th edition of the Balance of Payments Manual (IMF)
BTA                           Basic Telecommunications Agreement
CARICOM               Caribbean Community and Common Market
CBRC                        China Bank Regulation Commission
CCB                           China Construction Bank
CEPA                         Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement
CIRC                         China Insurance Regulatory Commission
COMESA                  Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
CPC Ver. 1.0            Central Product Classification, Version 1.0
CSME                        Single Market and Economy
CSRC                        China Securities Regulatory Commission
DR-CAFTA              U.S.–Central America–Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement
EBOPS                      Extended Balance of Payments Services Classification
ENTs                          economic needs tests
EPA                            Economic Partnership Agreement
EU                              European Union
Eurostat                    Statistical Office of the European Communities
FATS                         Foreign Affiliates Trade in Services
FCC                           Federal Communications Commission
FDI                             Foreign Direct Investment
FSA                            Financial Services Agreement
FTA                            Free Trade Area
GATS                         General Agreement on Trade in Services
GATT                        General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
GDDS                        General Data Dissemination System (IMF)
GDP                           Gross Domestic Product
GNS/W/120              services sectoral classification list
ICAIS                        International Charges for Access to Internet Services
ICANN                      Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
ICBC                         Industrial and Commercial Bank of China
ICE                            Costa Rican Institute of Electricity—‘‘ICE’’
ICFA ISIC                Categories for Foreign Affiliates
ICSE-93                    International Classification of Status in Employment
ICT                            Information and Communication Technology
ILO                            International Labour Organization
IMF                            International Monetary Fund
IPO                             Initial Public Offering
IPRs                          intellectual property rights
ISCO-88                    International Standard Classification of Occupations
ISIC                           International Standard Industrial Classification
ISP                             Internet service provider
IT                               Information Technology
ITE                             Internet traffic exchange
ITRS                          international transactions reporting system
ITU                            International Telecommunications Union
KT                              Korea Telecom
KTF                            a subsidiary of KT
LACs                         less-advantaged countries
LDCs                         least developed countries
LLDCs                       landlocked developing countries
M&A                         mergers and acquisitions
MBS                          mortgage-backed securitization
MERCOSUR            South American Common Market
MFN                          Most-Favored Nation
MIC                           Ministry of Information and Communication
MSITS                       Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services
MVNOs                     mobile virtual network operators
NAFTA                      North American Free Trade Agreement
n.a.                             not available
NCA                           National Communications Authority (Ghana)
n.i.e.                           not included elsewhere
NGO                           non-governmental organization
NPL                            Non-performing Loan
NTB                           Non-Tariff Barrier
OECD                        Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
QFII                           Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor
PCS                            digital cell phone network
PTO                            public telecommunications operator
PTT                            Post-Telephone-Telegraph
RIS                             Research and Information System (for the Non-Aligned and Other Developing Countries)
RTA                           Regional Trade Agreement
SDDS                         Special Data Dissemination Standards (IMF)
SET                            Secured Electronic Transactions
SMEs                         small and medium enterprises
SNA                           System of National Accounts
TM                             temporary movement of natural persons; temporary labor mobility or migration
TRAINS                    TRade Analysis and INformation System
TRIPS                        Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
UBO                           ultimate beneficial owner
UN                              United Nations
UNCTAD                  United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UN-ESCAP               United Nations—Economic and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific
UN ECLAC              UN Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
UN ESCWA              UN Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia
UNSD                        United Nations Statistics Division
UNU                           United Nations University (UNU)
USA                           United States of America
USAID                       U.S. Agency for International Development
USD                           United States dollar
USTR                         U.S. Office of the Trade Representative
VAT                           value-added-tax
VoIP                          voice over the Internet
WIPO                         World Intellectual Property Organization
WTO                          World Trade Organization

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